In what ways can a nurse help a demented person maintain orientation? (Select all that apply.)
a. Consistently calling the patient by name, usually the first name
b. Referring the patient to a calendar to note special events
c. Reminding the patient about the time of day by pointing to the clock
d. Calmly taking the patient to an appointment without explanation
e. Reminding the patient of her or his whereabouts frequently
ANS: A, B, C, E
Demented persons need a simple explanation of all procedures involved in their care. All other options are helpful in maintaining orientation for a demented patient.
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