Many signal transduction pathways utilize second messengers to ____
a. transport a signal through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane
b. relay a signal from the outside of the cell to the inside
c. relay a signal from the inside of a cell membrane to the outside of the cell
d. decrease the message once the signal molecules have left the receptor
e. relay the message from the inner surface of the plasma membrane throughout the
cytoplasm
E
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An elderly man with chronic heart and lung disease develops Legionella pneumonia. By what route was the infection most likely to have been acquired?
a. Respiratory route, from an infected person b. Inhalation of aerosolized water from a source containing protozoa c. Inhalation of spores from moldy hay d. Exposure to livestock or animal products
The northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris, suffered a significant population bottleneck in the late nineteenth century, when hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals
It has since rebounded to several tens of thousands. The related southern elephant seal, M. leonine, was not hunted as intensively. What prediction can you make about the relative levels of heterozygosity in populations of these two species?
Groups of flowers tightly clustered together are called an
a. floret b. ament c. catkin d. inflorescence e. telament
When offspring are infertile after breeding occurs between individuals of different species, the genetic identities of the two populations are protected by
A) mechanical incompatibility. B) hybrid infertility. C) genetic isolation. D) temporal isolation. E) behavioral isolation.