Mutations are more likely to occur in repeated DNA sequences because
A) these bases are unstable.
B) bases in the strand can form base pairs, generating loops that interfere with replication and repair enzymes.
C) the repeats hold onto the replication enzymes, causing base mismatches.
D) the repeats attract and bind to mutagens, increasing the mutation rate.
B) bases in the strand can form base pairs, generating loops that interfere with replication and repair enzymes.
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What happens to the lactic acid created during fermentation in human muscle cells?
A) It is directly converted into ATP. B) It donates a phosphate to ADP to recharge ATP. C) It goes to the liver, where it's converted into pyruvic acid. D) It joins with electrons and hydrogen ions to form H2O.
Which of the following statements concerning photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration is false?
A. Both are biochemical pathways. B. Both involve many enzyme-controlled reactions linked together. C. Both involve the transfer of energy. D. Photosynthesis occurs exclusively in plants and aerobic cellular respiration occurs exclusively in animals.
The osmoregulatory/excretory system of an insect is based on the operation of _____
A) protonephridia B) metanephridia C) Malpighian tubules D) nephrons E) ananephredia
Which of the following is not evidence that plants and the animals that eat them are locked in an evolutionary "arms race"?
A. R genes, instrumental in plant pathogen recognition, form one of the largest gene families in plants. B. Plants produce over 6000 alkaloids that act as chemical defense molecules. C. Plants produce over 10,000 terpenoid compounds. D. Plants in areas of high herbivory often produce low levels of defense compounds in their leaves. E. There are many specialist herbivores that are able to detoxify and in other ways avoid the chemical defenses produced by the plant they consume.