______ influence(s) discretionary decisions made by police officers while performing their duties.
A. Proximity to headquarters
B. Ethical standards
C. Monetary compensation
D. Prestige
B. Ethical standards
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A researcher had evidence that unemployed spouse abusers recidivate (i.e., reoffend). So, when he conducted an interview with Joe, an unemployed spouse abuser, he concluded that Joe would most likely recidivate. What type of reasoning did this researcher use to make his conclusion?
A. inductive reasoning B. deductive reasoning C. overgeneralization D. selective observation
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Trials and punishments in early world history would be considered cruel and unusual by our standards. 2. General deterrence is directed toward individual offenders to stop reoffending. 3. According to Cesare Beccaria, in order to be effective, punishment must be certain, swift, and proportional. 4. Classical theorists focused on biological and psychological causes of crime. 5. A basic principle of the rule of law is that the law should change frequently with the changing times.
Miranda rights may only be waived ________ and intelligently
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The typical status offense detainee is a female charged with _____
a. Curfew violation b. Indecent exposure c. Liquor law violation d. Tobacco law violation