Braga et al.'s (1999) evaluation of the effectiveness of problem-oriented policing lacked which feature of experimental design?
A. mechanism
B. nonspuriousness
C. association
D. time order
Answer: A
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Wilson's First Law of Evaluation Research states:
a. if anything can go wrong, it will b. policy interventions produce intended effect if research is conducted by those implementing the policy c. work expands to fit the time allowed for it d. while figures don't lie, liars can figure
The top of the wedding cake model represents ______.
a. misdemeanors b. lower-level felony cases c. upper-level felony cases d. high-profile cases
Each of the following is a potential sentence a judge may impose on a guilty person EXCEPT ______.
A. parole B. probation C. prison D. financial sanctions
Under what age does the Model Penal Code provide a defense of "immaturity," which requires that a person may not be convicted of a crime?
a. Under 17 b. Under 18 c. Under 16 d. None of the above