What is the difference between a mutant allele and a variant at a polymorphic locus?
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: There is a lot of DNA sequence variation among various individuals, but not all sequence changes result in phenotypic effects. A mutant allele is generally assumed to result in an observable phenotype whereas a variant at a polymorphic locus (especially if it has some alleles present in >1% of the population) may or may not result in an observable phenotypic change; it just denotes there is a variant DNA sequence.
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Blue flower color (B allele) is dominant to white (b allele). If a population of plants in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium contains white flowers (bb) at a frequency of 0.04, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype?
A. 0.96 or 96% B. 0.2 or 20% C. 0.32 or 32% D. 0.64 or 64% E. 0.8 or 80%
A protein is synthesized on a ribosome within the rough endoplasmic reticulum. If the protein needs to be modified
and packaged before export from the cell, to which structure is it sent?
a. endosome b. lysosome c. Golgi body d. nucleus e. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplasts contain numerous structures called grana, each of which is a stack of
a. stroma. b. mitochondria. c. ribosomes. d. thylakoids.
The difference between nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination is that NHEJ introduces a piece of donor DNA with seamless integration between the chromosome and donor DNA, whereas homologous recombination introduces a frameshift mutation when the repair is made between the broken chromosome ends.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)