__________ is the orientation of the fetus before delivery
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
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Evaporation of sweat cooling the body is an example of
a. negative feedback b. positive feedback c. a feedforward mechanism d. an intrinsic (local) control mechanism e. autoregulation
An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has
A. a different number of neutrons than most atoms of that element. B. lost or gained an electron. C. lost or gained a proton. D. a biological half-life due to radioactive decay.
Shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat ________.
A. acute renal failure B. renal calculi C. glomerulonephritis D. polycystic kidney disease
How does the renal countercurrent multiplier mechanism allow the creation of a concentrated urine?
A. It transports NaCl from the medullary interstitium into the collecting duct, which directly increases the osmolarity of the urine. B. It transports urea from the medullary interstitium into the collecting duct, which directly increases the osmolarity of the urine. C. By concentrating NaCl in the renal medullary interstitium, it allows water to be reabsorbed from the collecting ducts when vasopressin is present. D. By pumping NaCl and urea into the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, it raises the solute load, which turns into a concentrated urine once water is extracted from the collecting duct. E. When anti-diuretic hormone is present, it stimulates the pumping of NaCl from the medullary interstitium and water follows, concentrating the urine.