Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. When a change in X causes a change in Y, this is referred to as spuriousness.
2. Overall, crime rates of males and of females do not differ greatly.
3. Criminology is the scientific study of crime.
4. A good theory should be able to translate into realistic and useful practices.
5. Statutory rape is an index offense.


1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following refers to a method of crime reduction and crime prevention based on partnerships within communities?

a. retributive justice b. community justice c. restorative justice d. none of the above

Criminal Justice

A nonreactive method that attempts to make theoretical sense of documents (text or visual) by analyzing their cultural meaning is called ____________

a. qualitative documents analysis b. historical research c. historical-comparative research d. academic legal research e. basic research

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What is a Common Law?

What will be an ideal response?

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To address and prevent corruption among corrections personnel, administrators must strive to

a. upgrade the quality of correctional personnel. b. establish supervisory techniques that emphasize quality (how well tasks are performed) over quantity (how many tasks are accomplished). c. terminate all staff at the first sign of impropriety. d. upgrade the quality of correctional personnel and establish supervisory techniques that emphasize quality (how well tasks are performed) over quantity (how many tasks are accomplished).

Criminal Justice