What is white-collar crime? How did the idea of white-collar crime develop in the criminological literature?
What will be an ideal response?
White-collar crime was defined by Edwin Sutherland as violations of the criminal law "committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation." This early focus was on the offender, rather than on the offense, when determining whether a crime was classified as "white-collar." The 1967 President's Crime Commission accepted this view when discussing white-collar crime in its report, The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society.
However, in recent years, the focus has shifted away from the offender, his/her occupation, and his/her social standing, and onto the nature or type of crime committed. Criminologists have developed the term blue-collar crime to identify law-violating behavior of individuals who are members in less prestigious occupational groups (automobile repair, yard maintenance, house cleaning, etc.). More recently, the term occupational crime has also been developed, including "any act punishable by law that is committed through opportunity created in the course of an occupation which is legal." This includes crimes by both white-collar and blue-collar workers.
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a. True b. False
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A. They specify more clearly the researcher's focus. B. Survey questions must be understood in the same way by all respondents. C. Responses are more likely to focus on the issue of concern to the researcher. D. Responses can easily be scored and analyzed after the survey is completed.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false