Signs of hyperkalaemia include:

a. calf pain.
b. arrhythmias.
c. confusion.
d. all of the above.


d
Hyperkalaemia is the excess of potassium in the ECF. It
can be caused by high potassium intake, tissue trauma caused
by burns or accidents and renal failure inhibiting potassium
excretion. Symptoms include skeletal muscle weakness, paralysis, irritability, nausea and vomiting. High potassium levels
can have a serious effect on the cardiac muscle function and
cause arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest if untreated.

Nursing

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