What theory about pain was the first to implicate psychological factors in the perception of pain?
A) The descending-control theory
B) The neuromatrix theory
C) The nonpharmacologic-pain theory
D) The gate-control theory
Ans: D
Feedback: The gate-control theory was the first theory to suggest that psychological factors play a role in the perception of pain. The theory guided research toward identifying cognitive-behavioral approaches to pain management. Therefore, this theory helps explain how interventions such as distraction and music therapy relieve pain. Option A is incorrect; there is a descending-control system, not a descending-control theory in regard to perception of pain. Option B is incorrect; the neuromatrix theory highlights the role of the brain in sustaining the experience of pain. Option C is incorrect as it is nonexistent and only a distracter to this test question.
You might also like to view...
A patient who has a major depressive disorder has been taking fluoxetine (Prozac) 20 mg daily for 3 months and reports improved mood, less fatigue, and an increased ability to concentrate
The patient's side effects have diminished. What will the nurse counsel this patient to discuss with the provider? a. Changing to once-weekly dosing b. Decreasing the dose to 10 mg daily c. Discontinuing the medication d. Increasing the dose to 30 mg daily
Competency Standards for the Advanced Enrolled Nurse (ANF 2006) have been developed and describe the role of the advanced Enrolled Nurse as: a. having post-enrolment training, education andqualifications
b. having a breadth or depth of clinical experienceand knowledge. c. a role model and resource to others in their area of practice. d. all of the above.
The patient is receiving cholestyramine (Questran) and complains of constipation. The physician orders bisacodyl (Dulcolax) tablets. When is the best time for the nurse to administer the bisacodyl (Dulcolax) tablets?
A. The drugs can be administered together. B. Four hours after administration of cholestyramine (Questran). C. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) can be given any time but must be taken with food. D. One hour after administration of cholestyramine (Questran).
While you are waiting for the transplant team to arrive, you are working to maintain C.J.'s
hemodynamic stability. Which of the following parameters would indicate your efforts are successful? a. Urine output of 30 mL/hr b. Cardiac index greater than 2.4 L/min c. Mean arterial BP is greater than 50 mm Hg d. Left ventricular ejection fraction greater than 30%