The nurse is discussing the pathophysiologic process of anemia with a student. The nurse asks the student, "If an individual becomes anemic, how would the kidneys respond?" The student would correctly respond that the kidneys would
a. increase protein metabolism.
b. increase the synthesis and release of erythropoietin.
c. conserve sodium and potassium.
d. change the osmotic gradient in the proximal tubule.
ANS: B
In response to anemia or hypoxia, circulating levels of erythropoietin rise dramatically, triggering an increase in erythrocyte synthesis.
The kidneys do not increase protein metabolism or conserve sodium and potassium in response to anemia.
Anemia does not affect the osmotic gradient in the proximal tubule.
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