What is meant by the negative feedback loop for females and for males? How does it operate? Describe its similarities and differences between females and males.
What will be an ideal response?
The negative feedback loop regulates the production of the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone in females and testosterone in males. It is also known as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. In males, the pituitary's production of luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the testes to produce testosterone. When testosterone levels are high, the hypothalamus reduces its production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which causes the pituitary to reduce the production of LH, consequently decreasing production of testosterone by the testes. When testosterone levels fall, the hypothalamus increases the production of GnRH and the process starts again.
In females, the negative feedback loop functions in a similar fashion and the levels of estrogen and progesterone are regulated by hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries.
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