A nurse should be concerned when observing a patient performing isometric exercises if the patient is:
a. holding his or her breath while exerting.
b. performing the exercises four times per day.
c. tightening each muscle group for 8 seconds, then relaxing.
d. repeating each exercise 8 to 10 times for each muscle group.
A
Patients doing isometric exercises should be taught to exhale while exerting effort. Many persons hold their breath (Valsalva maneuver), which increases intrathoracic pressure, causing a decrease in venous return to the heart. Each exercise prescription is individualized according to the patient's needs and limitations. Gradual buildup of exercise repetitions improves both muscle strength and endurance. Hold the muscles tightly contracted for 5 to 15 seconds, and then relax completely for several seconds.
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