Which research report title suggests that theory was used as the framework for the study, rather than being generated as the outcome of the study?
a. The experiences of nurse practitioners providing health care to the homeless (Seilor, A.J. & Moss, V.A., 2012)
b. A transformative decision-making process for mammography screening among rural, low-income women (Purtzer, M.S., 2012)
c. A randomized, clinical trial of education or motivational-interviewing-based coaching compared to usual care to improve cancer pain management (Thomas, M.L., et al., 2012)
d. Older adults' perceptions of feeling safe in an intensive care unit (Lasiter, S., 2011)
ANS: C
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A The title states that the lived experiences of nurse practitioners were examined, indicating a qualitative study with findings that could become part of a framework for nurse practitioners to use and for other researchers to study.
B The title indicates that the experience regarding mammography screening decisions of a specific group (rural, low-income women) was studied to identify themes and develop a model, the transformative decision-making process.
C The title describes a quantitative study regarding the effect on cancer pain management (dependent variable) of two approaches—educational coaching versus standard care (independent variables). Thus the theoretical framework for the study has to do with motivational-interviewing-based coaching.
D The title indicates that the lived experience of a specific group (older adults) in a specific context (intensive care unit) was studied in regard to their feeling safe. This is a qualitative study to identify themes that form a model for future studies of the phenomenon.
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