Why do so many eukaryotic pathogens cause highly refractory and long-term chronic infections that are difficult to treat in contrast with prokaryotic pathogens?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Eukaryotic infections can be more difficult to treat than prokaryotic pathogens because humans (the hosts) are also eukaryotic, thus the pathogen and host share many of the same enzymes and structures. Drug targets that are unique to the pathogen can be difficult to find, and many therapeutic strategies are toxic to the host, causing harmful side effects.
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The principle of parsimony ____ for constructing the phylogenetic tree that represents the smallest number of
evolutionary changes.
a. minimizes the number of homologiesb. maximizes the number of homologies c. completely ignores homologies d. minimizes the number of homoplasies e. maximizes the number of homoplasies
The two organisms that make up lichens are ________
a. zygomycetes and cyanobacteria b. fungi and plants c. sac fungus and green algae d. chytrids and green algae e. green algae and cyanobacteria
The action of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is known as ____.
A. pinocytosis only B. phagocytosis only C. exocytosis and phagocytosis D. endocytosis and pinocytosis E. phagocytosis and endocytosis
What do polysaccharides, such as cellulose; nucleic acids, such as DNA; and proteins, such as keratin, have in common?
A) They are all amino acids. B) They are all nonpolar. C) They are all built of chemically linked monomers. D) They are all lipids. E) They are all carbohydrates.