A cancer patient has decided to face his/her disease with courage and make whatever adjustments are necessary to enjoy his/her remaining time. According to Kobasa, this patient demonstrates the __________ characteristic of psychological hardiness
a. control c. character
b. challenge d. confidence
B
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Ringelmann's research in the 1880s demonstrated that
a. people exert less effort in simple group tasks than they would if working alone. b. the presence of other people improves performance on simple group tasks. c. groups tend to make more extreme decisions than individuals. d. individual performance is impaired by the distraction of an audience.
Emotional self-regulation refers to
A) the automatic process infants use to respond to others' emotions. B) the active seeking of emotional information from a trusted person in an uncertain situation. C) a higher-order set of feelings, including guilt, shame, and envy. D) the strategies children use to adjust their emotional state to a comfortable level of intensity.
Students read about Abraham Lincoln's overcoming an impoverished early environment. For the students, Lincoln is a
a. live coping model. b. symbolic coping model. c. live mastery model. d. symbolic mastery model.
Kayla's friends worry about her terrible temper, especially when she is driving. Which of the following strategies would be most helpful for reducing Kayla's road rage?
a. encouraging her to express her feelings more regularly when she is not driving, as bottling up her anger leads to explosions b. imitating her behavior so she can see how ridiculous she looks c. encouraging her to see the humor in the driving behavior of others d. encouraging her to express her feelings verbally and with gestures so she can "let off some steam"