A patient is demonstrating signs of a delayed immunological response to a virus. Which component of the immune system is responsible for beginning this response?
1. Complement
2. Intact functioning T cells
3. Functioning human leukocyte antigens
4. Intact functioning B cells
2
Rationale 1: Complement is a protein made in the liver that coats an offending organism or cell to stimulate phagocytic cells to digest the cell or organism.
Rationale 2: T lymphocytes are the regulatory cells of the immune system whose function is to start and stop the immune process. When these cells are not functioning correctly, they will not chemically bind to an offending organism or cell and present it to the B cells.
Rationale 3: Human leukocyte antigens are protein markers on the cell wall of white blood cells that inform the immune system if a cell belongs to the system or should be removed.
Rationale 4: The B cells are responsible for making antibodies to attach to the antigen.
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