In the context of the heat flow in the Sun, briefly explain granulation
What will be an ideal response?
The Sun is in constant activity as the heat comes up from below. In good photographs, the photosphere has a mottled appearance because it is made up of dark-edged regions called granules, and the visual pattern is called granulation. Faded granules are continuously replaced by new ones. The color and the amount of light from different portions of the granules show, by both Wien's law and the Stefan-Boltzmann law, that granule centers are a few hundred degrees hotter than the edges.Astronomers recognize granulation as the surface effects of rising and falling currents of gas in and just below the photosphere. The centers of granules are rising columns of hot gas, and the edges of the granules are cooler, sinking gas. The presence of granulation is clear evidence that energy is flowing upward through the photosphere by a process known as convection.
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In the arrangement shown, a conducting bar of negligible resistance slides along horizontal, parallel, frictionless conducting rails connected as shown to a 2.0-? resistor. A uniform 1.5-T magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. If L = 60 cm, at what rate is thermal energy being generated in the resistor at the instant the speed of the bar is equal to 4.2 m/s?
a.
8.6 W
b.
7.8 W
c.
7.1 W
d.
9.3 W
e.
1.8 W
The terminals of a battery are connected across two resistors in parallel. The resistances of the resistors are not the same. Which of the following statements is correct? Choose all that are correct
1.The resistor with the larger resistance carries more current than the other resistor. 2.The resistor with the larger resistance carries less current than the other resistor. 3.The potential difference across each resistor is the same. 4.The potential difference across the larger resistor is greater than the potential difference across the smaller resistor. 5.The potential difference is greater across the resistor closer to the battery.
A metal rod of length 2.0 m is moved at 6.0 m/s in a direction perpendicular to its length. A 5.0 m T magnetic field is perpendicular to both the rod and its velocity. What is the magnetic flux swept through per second by the rod?
A. 0.0 B. 15 mT·m2 C. 30 mT·m2 D. 60 mT·m2 E. 12 mT·m2
Define the velocity, wavelength, and frequency of a wave and give an example of each. Use symbol notation in the definitions