Which of the following most accurately describes the triangulation design in mixed methods research?
A) A design that uses multiple approaches in a research study to offset limitations with strengths
B) A design that features a dominant component and a supportive component with concurrent data collection
C) A sequential design in which quantitative data are collected in the first phase and qualitative in the second phase
D) A sequential design in which qualitative data are collected in the first phase and quantitative in the second phase
A
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The purpose of a convergent parallel design (also called a triangulation design) is to obtain different, but complementary, data about the central phenomenon under study. The goal of this design is to converge on "the truth" about a problem or phenomenon by allowing the limitations of one approach to be offset by the strengths of the other. In this design, qualitative and quantitative data are collected simultaneously, with equal priority (QUAL + QUAN). In an embedded design, one type of data is used in a supportive capacity in a study based primarily on the other data type. Either qualitative or quantitative data can be dominant—although qual is often supportive of QUAN in embedded designs. Sequencing is often concurrent. Explanatory designs are sequential designs with quantitative data collected in the first phase, followed by qualitative data collected in the second phase. Exploratory designs are also sequential MM designs, but qualitative data are collected first.
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