5. The first revolution in mental health treatment was hospitalization in the 15th century. Two additional revolutions took place over the next several centuries. Describe the two major changes, after hospitalization, in the treatment of the mentally ill. Include the reasons for the changes and the ultimate outcomes of the changes.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Moral Treatment which sought to improve living conditions, treatment and conceptualization of the mentally ill. Occurring in England, France, and the US, asylums became less prison-like and more humane. However, these changes did not last long, due to overcrowding, especially following wars from the Civil War through the first and second world wars.
The next revolution came with the advent of psychotropic medications and deinstitutionalization. Supported by the Community Mental Health Act in 1963, the vision shifted to outpatient and community based care for individuals who would be provided with medications and supportive treatment. Remnants of Community Health Act can be seen today in treatment and social service agencies.
Learning Objective: #7) Summarize early treatment methods for mental illness
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Early Treatment: Asylums
Difficulty Level: Hard
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