All of the following are true about craving except:
a. It involves potentially life-long changes in brain functioning.
b. Drug paraphernalia evoke craving in addicts.
c. Craving involves both reward and learning circuits in the brain.
d. It occurs when there is a shift from increased metabolism to hyperactivity in prefrontal areas.
D
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As an addiction develops, many of its effects, especially the enjoyable effects, decrease, a phenomenon known as____.
A. tolerance B. craving C. withdrawal D. abstinence
Deception in research involves which of the following?
a. withholding information about the research hypotheses from the participants b. withholding information about the predicted outcome of the study from participants c. deliberately misleading participants about the nature of the research d. all of these
After many years of scientific debate and research, what do most modern psychologists believe with regard to the Nature vs. Nurture debate?
a. The complete mapping of the human genome has provided us with no evidence that psychological attributes are completely genetic in origin (nature), and thus the nurture side of the debate has been accepted across the field. b. The evidence for genetic precursors of human behavior (nature) is too overwhelming to place any real faith in the nurture side of the debate. c. We become the people we are through a unique combination of hereditary (nature) and environmental factors (nurture). d. While psychological abnormality may be caused by genetics (nature), we agree that normal development is uniquely a function of positive surroundings (nurture).
In the Strange Situation experiment, at what point did Ainsworth consider to be the best indicator of the quality of the attachment that occurred?
When the mother returned and the reunion behavior could be assessed || When the mother was not present in the room || When the mother was still in the room so that the toddler's exploration behaviors could be assessed || Before the assessment began. The experimenters could measure toddler-mother behaviors before the mothers knew they were being assessed. || || ||