What was one effect of the nationalization of the Bill of Rights?
a. The Constitution became obsolete.
b. The Articles of Confederation gained prestige.
c. Immigration increased dramatically.
d. More elected officials faced electoral challenges.
e. Deliberations shifted from state and local elected officials to federal judges.
ANS: E
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What type of election is held to fill vacancies, ratify state constitutional amendments, or approve local bond issues?
a. special election b. runoff election c. general election d. primary election
Grovey v. Townsend, the 1935 decision in which the Supreme Court had upheld the so-called _______, was overruled in Smith v. Allwright (1944)
a. grandfather clause b. racial gerrymander c. preclearance requirement d. white primary
The United States Supreme Court's most frequently used power is
a. judicial review. b. logical written briefs. c. public opinion concerns. d. specialized interviews. e. the power to do nothing.
You have been asked to evaluate the effectiveness of a new anti-smoking campaign in a local high school. You are able to collect pretest information on smoking rates before the campaign begins
You know that the entire school will be required to participate in the campaign and so random assignment is impossible.You are also aware that a reduction in smoking after the campaign could be caused by any number of other confounding variables.What can you do in this situation to enhance your ability to determine if the campaign was effective in reducing smoking? a. test the students at the end of the campaign and then again a year later – if reductions in smoking remain at that time then you can be confident that the campaign was effective b. conduct extensive postexperimental interviews to determine the cause of any change in smoking rates c. identify a similar school that is not using the campaign and include them in a nonequivalent comparison group design d. interview parents of the students