How do the Alien and Sedition Acts illuminate the nature and scope of American politics by the conclusion of the 1700s? Assume the role of a defender of the acts or an opponent of the laws and justify your position in political and constitutional terms
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Answer: An ideal answer will:
1. Define the provisions of the Alien Acts and the Sedition Act
2. Note the heightened political divisions in the United States developing in the 1790s over issues such as Hamilton's economic plan, the creation of the U.S. National Bank, rebellion over excise taxes over whiskey, the French Revolution, and growing calls for war with Britain.
3. Note how these political divisions were increasingly expressed in vitriolic and personal terms against President Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and other Federalist and Democratic-Republican political leaders in an increasingly partisan press.
4. Note the development and political activities of Democratic-Republican Societies, the Federalist Party, the Democratic-Republican Party, and the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in the 1790s in deepening the philosophical divide and heightening the vitriolic political conflict emerging in the country between contrary points of view.
5. Defend the Alien Acts and Sedition Act on national security, national loyalty, and patriotic grounds and make an argument as to why they were necessary to protect the United States during a period of diplomatic tensions and possible warfare with Great Britain and some diplomatic conflicts with France.
6. Attack the Alien Acts and Sedition Act on constitutional and political grounds. Specifically, an opponent of the Sedition Act should criticize it on First Amendment freedom of press and speech grounds. The Alien Acts (particularly provisions to lengthen the time to qualify for citizenship from 5 to 14 years and to deport anyone deemed dangerous to the United States) should be assailed as naked political attempts by the Federalists to reduce the political influence of French immigrants hoping to become American citizens and to reduce the influence of avid American supporters of the French Revolution.
7. Write a concise and effective conclusion defending your position on the Alien Acts and the Sedition Act.
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