Your text describes cross-cultural studies of categorization with U.S. and Itzaj participants. Given the results of these studies, we know that if asked to name basic level objects for a category, U.S. participants would answer ___________ and Itzaj participants would answer ___________.
A. tree; tree
B. tree; oak
C. oak; tree
D. oak; oak
Answer: B
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What would happen if young people today took the same IQ tests that their grandparents used, with the same scoring standards?
a. The mean IQ score would be well below 100. b. The mean IQ score would be well above 100. c. The mean IQ score would still be 100, but the variation in scores would be less. d. The mean IQ score would still be 100, but the variation in scores would be greater.
Differentiate between stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination by giving an example of each term.
What will be an ideal response?
Suppose that a student named John is asked to judge how many students are enrolled in his introductory biology class. He replies, "about 100....well, maybe between about 90 and 110." Based on the discussion of confidence intervals, you predict that
a. John's estimate probably relies too heavily on the ease with which examples come to mind. b. John is likely to be heavily influenced by the confirmation bias. c. John probably relied too heavily on the initial anchor of 100 students. d. John probably would have been wiser to use the representativeness heuristic to estimate the confidence intervals.
Regarding one's behavior, discriminative stimuli would be considered
a. antecedents. b. cognitive maps. c. negative reinforcers. d. punishers.