The nurse cares for four clients with acid-base imbalances. Which client is most likely experiencing metabolic alkalosis?
A) Adult who has had lactated Ringer's solution infusing for 72 hours.
B) Adolescent with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis.
C) Older adult with a diagnosis of salicylate poisoning.
D) Child with severe diarrhea.
A) Adult who has had lactated Ringer's solution infusing for 72 hours.
Explanation: A) Administration of a large amount of anions, such as lactate in lactated Ringer's intravenous solution, has an effect similar to the administration of bicarbonate because the liver metabolizes these anions forming bicarbonate.
B) Ketoacidosis, salicylate poisoning, and severe diarrhea all cause metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.
C) Ketoacidosis, salicylate poisoning, and severe diarrhea all cause metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.
D) Ketoacidosis, salicylate poisoning, and severe diarrhea all cause metabolic acidosis, not
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