The nurse is performing a skin assessment on an older African American patient. Which findings would be considered normal for this patient? Select all that apply.
1. Xerosis
2. Many small, dark papules on the face
3. Hard, smooth purple area on the upper arm
4. Multiple skin tears with clear fluid drainage
5. Freckle-like pigmentation of the tongue borders
1. Xerosis
2. Many small, dark papules on the face
5. Freckle-like pigmentation of the tongue borders
Explanation: 1. Xerosis or dry skin occurs more frequently as a person ages.
2. Many small dark papules on the face are dermatosis papulosa nigra, a type of Seborrheic keratoses that only occurs in African Americans.
3. A hard, smooth purple area on the upper arm is erythema in the dark-skinned patient and is not a normal skin finding.
4. Multiple skin tears with clear fluid drainage is not a normal skin finding for the African American patient.
5. Dark-skinned people may have freckle-like pigmentations of the tongue borders which is a normal finding.
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