The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of proteins includes several soluble and membrane proteins that share structural homologies
All members of this family bind to members of the TNF-receptor family of molecules expressed on cell surfaces. TNF-R family members are structurally homologous to one another and utilize similar signal transduction pathways.
For each description of a TNF or a TNF-R family member in questions 1-5, select the term listed in options A-E that best matches it.
A. TNF-RI
B. CD40
C. Fas ligand
D. RANK
E. Lymphotoxin
Produced by T cells and binds to the same receptors as does TNF-? produced by macrophages
ANS: E. Lymphotoxin (LT), also known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-β, shares 30% sequence homology with TNF-α made by macrophages; it binds to the same receptors as TNF-α, and thus has the same biologic effects. The quantity of LT secreted by antigen-stimulated T cells is much less than TNF-α secreted by activated macrophages, and therefore LT does not have systemic effects. LT is considered to be an important link between T cell activation and acute inflammation, and it is also critical for the architectural development of lymphoid organs.
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