Which of the following statements concerning the process of salivation is incorrect?
a. salivation is entirely under neural control.
b. parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion.
c. the acquired salivary reflex occurs upon stimulation of chemoreceptors and/or pressure receptors in the mouth.
d. parasympathetic stimulation produces a watery saliva rich in enzymes.
e. the salivary center is located in the medulla.
C
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Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is not true?
A) Each spermatid forms two sperm. B) The secondary spermatocytes each form two spermatids. C) The spermatogonium forms the primary spermatocyte. D) The primary spermatocyte forms two secondary spermatocytes.
If more energy is contained in the food eaten than is expended, then
a. a positive energy balance will exist b. the excess energy will be stored in adipose c. all of the excess energy will be liberated d. a and b are true e. a and c are true
Protein channels that are situated between cells and create small pores for the passage of small substances are known as:
A) occluding junctions. B) gap junctions. C) tight junctions. D) desmosomes.
In smooth muscle, most of the Ca2+ needed for muscle contraction
A. is attached to the intermediate filaments. B. is in the dense bodies. C. must be activated by myosin kinase. D. is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. E. enters from extracellular fluid.