Top-down factors that can control the population sizes of plants or animals include which of the following factors? Select all that apply.
_____ the density of herbivores
_____ an extended period of drought
_____ healthy populations of secondary carnivores
_____ the presence of a fungal pathogen
_____ nutrient-poor soil
_____ levels of primary producers in the ocean
__X__ the density of herbivores
_____ an extended period of drought
__X__ healthy populations of secondary carnivores
__X__ the presence of a fungal pathogen
_____ nutrient-poor soil
_____ levels of primary producers in the ocean
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When molecules diffuse, they move ________
a. down their own concentration gradient unless there are other molecules also diffusing in the vicinity b. up their own concentration gradient unless there are other molecules also diffusing in the vicinity c. up their own concentration gradient without regard to the gradients of other molecules d. down their own concentration gradient without regard to the gradients of other molecules
The size of an action potential depends upon the strength of the stimulus; a strong stimulus will initiate a larger action potential
1.True 2.False
An overlapping gene could be defined as __________
a. one from which no proteins can be coded b. one in which one gene is part of another gene c. one in which the same sequence of DNA codes for two nonhomologous proteins due to the presence of more than one reading frame d. Both a and c e. Both b and c
What is not a reason that volvocine algae are ideal for studying the evolution of individuality?
a. They have had a recent transition to multicellularity. b. Within the group, there are multiple separate transitions to germ and soma lines. c. The group exhibits extensive variation multicellularity. d. They readily form aggregate slugs.