A new mother reports that her newborn often spits up after feeding. Assessment reveals regurgitation. The nurse responds, integrating understanding that this most likely is due to which of the following?
A) Placing the newborn prone after feeding
B) Limited ability of digestive enzymes
C) Underdeveloped pyloric sphincter
D) Relaxed cardiac sphincter
D
Feedback:
The cardiac sphincter and nervous control of the stomach is immature, which may lead to uncoordinated peristaltic activity and frequent regurgitation. Placement of the newborn is unrelated to regurgitation. Most digestive enzymes are available at birth, but they are limited in their ability to digest complex carbohydrates and fats; this results in fatty stools, not regurgitation. Immaturity of the pharyngoesophageal sphincter and absence of lower esophageal peristaltic waves, not an underdeveloped pyloric sphincter, also contribute to the reflux of gastric contents.
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