Distinguish among three types of investigative powers that grand juries possess
What will be an ideal response?
Subpoenas
Two types of subpoenas are available to grand juries: (1) a subpoena ad testificandum and (2) a subpoena duces tecum. The former compels a witness to appear before the grand jury, and the latter compels the production of tangible evidence. The power of the grand jury to utilize both of these mechanisms is virtually unrestricted.
Grants of Immunity
Although witnesses appearing before a grand jury enjoy the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination, the grand jury can avoid this limitation by extending grants of immunity to witnesses in exchange for their testimony. A grant of transactional immunity prohibits future prosecution on the acts for which the witness testifies.
Findings of Contempt
When someone is subpoenaed to appear before the grand jury but does not show up, the jury's contempt power can be utilized to compel their appearance. That is, the grand jury can impose civil and criminal sanctions on the individual for failing to appear.
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According to Moffitt, a(n) __________ occurs because biological maturity occurs before society permits the assumption of autonomous adult roles
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
In _______ the Supreme Court rule that the right to counsel attaches at the initial hearing before a magistrate when the defendant is informed of the charges and restrictions on liberty are imposed?
A. Missouri v. Frye B. Strickland v. Washington C. Rothgery v. Gillespie County, Texas D. Ross v. Moffitt E. ?Miranda v. Arizona
At what point must Miranda warnings be given to suspects?
A. Before arrest B. Immediately after arrest C. Before being interrogated D. Before fingerprinting E. Before being read the charges against them
According to Chambliss and Seidman, the __________ a group’s political or economic position, the __________ the probability that it’s views will be reflected in laws
a. lower; greater b. lower; less c. higher; greater d. higher; less