Discuss three limitations to the strategy of cutaneous respiration
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A variety of animals, including aquatic invertebrates, terrestrial annelid worms, and some vertebrates such as frogs and salamanders, use cutaneous respiration as a strategy for gas exchange. Even bird eggs use this strategy, since all gas exchange with the environment must occur across the eggshell. There are, however, some limitations to this respiratory strategy. First, the animal must have very thin skin to reduce the diffusion distance between the environment and the circulating fluid. The thin skin leaves the animal vulnerable to predation and physical damage. Secondly, the skin must remain moist so that dissolved oxygen can diffuse into the cell. The requirement for moist skin confines animals to aquatic or very moist terrestrial habitats. Finally, because of the first two constraints, the surface area of the skin is limited, which ultimately limits its respiratory capacity.
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A. Olecranon process B. Coronoid process C. Medial epicondyle D. Tuberosity of radius E. Deltoid tuberosity
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
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Until it leaves the body, urine is held by the:
a. urethra b. urinary bladder c. ureter d. nephron
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A) loose connective tissue B) dense connective tissue C) osseous tissue D) reticular tissue