Which of the following research designs, if conducted correctly without the influence of
extraneous variables, would allow you to make cause-and-effect conclusions?
A) quasi-experimental
B) two-group design with random assignment and IV manipulation
C) ex post facto study
D) B and C only
E) all of the above because there is an IV
B
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Samuel Woodward's claim of a 90 percent success rate in treating the seriously disturbed patients at Worcester Lunatic Hospital
a. was backed by rigorous scientific evidence. b. reflects his lack of training in scientific research. c. was a tactic he used to increase state funding for his hospital. d. was based on the value of such treatments as bleeding and purging.
It is believed that noncontingent reinforcement works through
a. extinction and reinforcement. b. satiation and response cost. c. extinction and satiation. d. accelerating other behaviors.
Which of the following is true of anxiety??
a. ?People appear to have genetic vulnerabilities to specific types of anxiety disorders. b. ?Evidence of a predisposition to anxiety appears early in life. c. ?Children first show anxiety to novel situations around the time they start to crawl. d. ?Highly reactive infants are usually calm by the time they are 4 or 5 years old.
A key to the success of the time-out procedure is that it:
A. eliminates reinforcement of undesired behaviors B. induces fear that suppresses undesired behaviors C. is more intense than punishment D. can be administered more immediately than punishment