Which of the following is a reason for overconfidence?
A) We tend to be aware of how flimsy our assumptions may be.
B) We tend to focus on examples that do not confirm our judgments.
C) We remember information that runs counter to our judgments.
D) We work to bring about the events we believe in.
D
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The research on gender comparisons in altruism shows that
a. the conclusions about this topic depend on the specific kind of altruism that is examined. b. men are typically more altruistic than women when the situation does not involve danger. c. men are somewhat more likely than women to be organ donors. d. social factors cannot explain why gender differences are found for some kinds of altruism, but not for other kinds.
If you find that you have more positive feelings toward a product after an attractive spokesperson gives you a free sample, your change in attitudes would be said to have resulted from
a. evaluative conditioning. b. escape learning. c. reflexive conditioning. d. observational learning.
A property of measurement in which a difference of 1 is the same amount throughout the entire scale represents the _____ property, and a property of measurement in which assigning a score of zero indicates an absence of the variable being measured represents the _____ property
a. identity; equal unit size b. magnitude; equal unit size c. magnitude; absolute zero d. equal unit size; absolute zero
The analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences between
A. experts and novices. B. laboratory and real-world settings. C. experimental groups and control groups. D. well- and ill-defined problems.