Your textbook notes the following three key concepts in biology. For each one, provide a potential real-life example illustrating each of these principles: • "Heredity and environment interact dynamically throughout development.". • "Genes can influence the kind of environment to which a person is exposed.". • "Environmental influences typically make children within a family different."
What will be an ideal response?
Students should provide feasible examples of each of the three concepts noted above. An example of each, some noted by the textbook, is provided below:
a . If a child receives the recessive homozygous trait for the disease phenylketonuria from his or her parents, they will be born with PKU. If the child is tested at birth and the disease is identified, the parents can control and essentially eliminate the effects of PKU by monitoring and limiting the child's intake of the amino acid phenylalanine. Later, when the child is old enough to control this dietary issue on his/her own, the disease can continue to be muted.
b . If a child is born with the genotype to grow to a tall height and to develop that phenotype early, the child may opt to spend more time playing basketball, volleyball, or other athletics that "reward" height. The person who selects environments that are consistent with their genetics is engaging in niche-picking.
c . As much as parents may like to think that they treat their children equally, it is more likely that children are parented with differences, some subtle and some large. If a parent recognizes different skills, tendencies, or characteristics in their children, they may interact with the children in ways that encourage and promote those different tendencies. Thus, children who are raised in the same home may have different environmental influences that promote differences between them.
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Marjorie believes that her husband, Tom, is an excellent father because he was born with a gentle nature and an abundance of patience. Tom, on the other hand, believes that he is a good father because he learned to be one from his own parents. Which fundamental question of human development does this issue address?
a. nature and nurture b. external and internal c. continuity and discontinuity d. universal and context-specific development
In a murder trial, Bob was selected to serve on a death-qualified jury. Given his attitude toward the death penalty, he is probably ____ than the average U.S. citizen
a. more likely to vote for acquittal b. more likely to recommend the death penalty c. more tolerant of procedures that protect the accused d. less religious
Ten days after taking a psychology exam, Michael took a second exam on the same material (without reviewing) and scored only half as high as he did on the original exam. If he were tested yet again ten days later, the curve of forgetting suggests his score would be about
a. the same as on the second exam. b. one third of his score on the first exam. c. 20 percent of his score on the first exam. d. one half of his score on the first exam.
When men are under stress, they are more likely than women to ______
a. seek contact and support from others b. ruminate about it c. behave aggressively d. engage in rationalization