It has been said that "history repeats itself because no one was listening the first time." Which statement is true when comparing the nursing care provided in the Civil War (1861 to 1865) to that provided during the Crimean War?
a. Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing care in both wars.
b. Soldiers were housed in substandard conditions, but due to Nightingale's push for sanitary conditions, in the Civil War soldiers were housed in aseptic conditions.
c. African-American nurses were widely accepted by society and the profession, receiving equal compensation during the Civil War due in large part to the efforts of Mary Seacole during the Crimean War.
d. Both Nightingale (Crimean War) and Dix (Civil War) completed nursing training before accepting positions as nurses in the wars.
ANS: A
Correct: Numerous epidemics plagued the country, including syphilis, gonorrhea, malaria, smallpox, and typhoid.
Incorrect:
b. Soldiers in both wars were housed in deplorable conditions, often infested with rodents.
c. Although African-American nurses served during the Civil War, they received less compensation. (White nurses were paid $12 per month; African-American nurses received $10 per month.)
d. Dix was a schoolteacher and Nightingale had completed a nursing training program prior to the war.
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