Suppose that the energy difference between adjacent energy levels for an oscillator in an Einstein solid is ? = 0.005 eV. We would expect the average energy of this oscillator when it is in contact with a reservoir at room temperature to be

A. negligible.

B. smaller than kBT.

C. about equal to kBT.

D. about equal to kBT.

E. significantly larger than kBT.

F. One doesn’t have enough information to tell.


D. about equal to kBT.

Physics & Space Science

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In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to

A) increase. B) decrease. C) stay constant. D) freeze.

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Which one of the following is true?

A. The principal quantum number of the electron in a hydrogen atom does not affect its energy. B. The orbital angular momentum quantum number of an electron state is always less than the principal quantum number. C. The electron spin quantum number can take on any one of four different values. D. The principal quantum number of an electron in its ground state is zero.

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Which of the following best describes why the standard model of particle physics is considered so successful?

A) The standard model has been used to predict the existence of new particles that were later discovered in particle accelerators. B) The standard model combines quantum mechanics and general relativity, the two leading modern theories of physics. C) The standard model was selected as the best model in a vote of physicists around the world. D) The standard model is the newest, and therefore, the best theory physicists have.

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What characteristic distinguishes a meteorite from a terrestrial rock?

A) A meteorite is usually covered with a dark crust from burning in Earth's atmosphere. B) A meteorite usually has a high metal content. C) Meteorites have different isotope ratios of particular elements when compared to terrestrial rocks. D) Meteorites contain rare elements, such as iridium, that terrestrial rocks do not. E) All of the above are true.

Physics & Space Science