What is the main reason why many people do not believe that psychology is a science?
a. Because much of what psychologists study may be personally experienced.
b. Because much of what psychologists study are abstract concepts that have no bearing on the real world.
c. Because psychology does not use the rigorous research methodologies of the ‘hard sciences' like physics and chemistry.
d. Because the uniqueness and individuality of every human being makes it truly impossible to generate any scientifically based theories that apply to larger groups of people.
Answer: A
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According to John Holland's personality type theory, people who are down-to-earth, practical problem solvers, and physically strong, but have mediocre social skills, are best described as __________.
A. conventional B. enterprising C. realistic D. intellectual
Which of the following is a risk of smoking during pregnancy?
a. Women who smoke are at greater risk for miscarriages and stillbirths. b. Women who smoke have longer labor. c. Women who smoke are more likely to have multiple births (twins, triplets). d. Babies born to women who smoke are more likely to be born with facial malformations.
In which qualitative research method does the researcher have initial guiding questions or core concepts to ask about, but is free to move the conversation in any direction of interest that may come up?
a. participant observation b. direct observation c. unstructured interview d. case study
Dwight is convinced that the wheezing he has been experiencing for the past three months is a sign of cancer. He has been to four different doctors who have all told Dwight that his wheezing is due to allergies. However, Dwight refuses to take the antihistamines that have been prescribed because he is convinced that all these doctors are wrong. In this instance, Dwight is showing evidence of:
a. the framing effect b. functional fixedness c. a confirmation bias d. the availability heuristic