A patient who had abdominal surgery has been hospitalized for 4 days. He has no history of psychiatric disorder but is described by his family as having "always been a difficult person who blames others for everything that goes wrong."
From the day of admission, he has verbally abused the nurses for their inability to provide care that keeps him pain free and comfortable. Which history most likely explains this style of coping? a. Child-rearing that did not teach respect for others
b. Exposure to violent role models in the media
c. A personality style that externalizes problems
d. Increased levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin
C
Patients whose personality style causes them to externalize blame see the source of their discomfort and anxiety as being outside themselves—in others or in the environment. In this case, the patient displaces anger about his illness and resulting discomfort, and his distress is blamed on the nurses. This dynamic is supported by the patient's history. The other options are not supported or are less likely to have a bearing on his behavior.
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A client asks the nurse what has caused their irritable bowel syndrome. Which information should the nurse prepare to discuss with the client?
A. Imbalance of the normal flora B. Autoimmune response C. Hyperactive immune response D. Psychosomatic
A group of boys ages 9 and 10 years have formed a "boys-only" club that is open to neighborhood and school friends who have skateboards. This should be interpreted as:
a. behavior that encourages bullying and sexism. b. behavior that reinforces poor peer relationships. c. characteristic of social development at this age. d. characteristic of children who later are at risk for membership in gangs.
List six factors that cause the blood pressure to be elevated.
What will be an ideal response?
A 28-year-old client who is pregnant with her first child reports increased dental caries (cavities) since becoming pregnant. How should the nurse explain the likely cause for this change?
1. "Each woman experiences changes that affect her teeth while she's pregnant." 2. "When a woman is pregnant, her teeth lose calcium and she is more susceptible to getting cavities." 3. "During pregnancy, tooth enamel softens and the woman is more susceptible to getting cavities." 4. "It may be necessary to pay extra attention to dental care while you're pregnant, especially if you're vomiting frequently."