A client with GERD must be cautioned against the overuse of antacids to avoid which syndrome?
1. Metabolic alkalosis
2. Metabolic acidosis
3. Respiratory alkalosis
4. Respiratory acidosis
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Ingestion of large amounts of antacid can leave a client with a pH base excess. This contributes to metabolic alkalosis.
Rationale 2: Metabolic acidosis is a syndrome where there is a base deficit or acid excess.
Rationale 3: Respiratory alkalosis is associated with hyperventilation.
Rationale 4: Respiratory acidosis is associated with hypoventilation.
Global Rationale: Being a base, antacids that contain bicarbonate may provoke metabolic alkalosis (e.g., fatigue, mental status changes, muscle twitching, depressed respiratory rate) in patients at risk. The remaining acid-base imbalances are not associated with routine use of antacids.
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