Describe the differences between carditis, endocarditis, and myocarditis?
What will be an ideal response?
Carditis is a general term for inflammation of the heart. Clinical conditions resulting from cardiac infection are
usually identified by the primary site of the infection. For example, infections that affect the endocardium produce
symptoms of endocarditis, a condition that damages primarily the chordae tendineae and heart valves; the mortality
rate may reach 21–35 percent. The most severe complications of endocarditis result from the formation of blood
clots on the damaged surfaces. These clots subsequently break free, entering the bloodstream as drifting emboli that
may cause strokes, heart attacks, or kidney failure. The destruction of heart valves by the infection may lead to
valve leakage, heart failure, and death. Myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle, can be caused by bacteria,
viruses, protozoans, or fungal pathogens that either attack the myocardium directly or produce toxins that damage
the myocardium. The sarcolemma of infected heart muscle cells become facilitated, and the heart rate may rise
dramatically. Over time, abnormal contractions may appear and the heart muscle weakens; these problems may
eventually prove fatal.
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The somatic nervous system carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to ________.
A. cardiac muscle tissue B. skeletal muscles C. smooth muscles D. vital organs
Motor neurons, whose axons constitute the somatic nervous system, supply ____________________ muscles and bring about movement
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The patient is 52 years old and has a history of hypertension. His cholesterol level is 245. He states his job is very stressful and he is recently going through a divorce. He admits to being overweight and has an inactive lifestyle. His father died of a stroke at age 60. He is worried about having a heart attack and/or stroke and wishes to change his lifestyle. The nurse encourages the patient to eat more fish. Explain why eating more fish would be of benefit for this patient.
What will be an ideal response?
Gene expression profiling
A) detects the mRNAs present in a particular cell type under particular conditions. B) is a size-order chart of chromosomes. C) detects the mutations that a person has inherited. D) is a chart of chromosomes in specific cell types.