The patient has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of schizophrenia. The patient's mother says to the nurse, "This is all so confusing. How did he get this? Did I do something?" What is (are) the best response(s) of the nurse?
1. "Schizophrenia is a biological brain disorder."
2. "Schizophrenia is linked to drinking alcohol during pregnancy."
3. "Research indicates that a very stressful environment causes schizophrenia."
4. "Research indicates that schizophrenia is a genetic disorder."
5. "Schizophrenia is due to too much dopamine in certain parts of the brain."
Correct Answer: 1,4,5
Rationale: Theories explaining the cause of schizophrenia include a genetic component, imbalances in neurotransmitters in specific areas of the brain, and overactive dopaminergic pathways in the basal nuclei. There isn't any evidence to support that schizophrenia is linked to alcohol consumption during pregnancy. A stressful environment will exacerbate the symptoms of schizophrenia, but does not cause the illness.
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