A patient with left-sided heart failure complains of increasing shortness of breath and is agitated and coughing up pink-tinged, foamy sputum. The nurse should recognize these as signs and symptoms of:
A) Right-sided heart failure
B) Acute pulmonary edema
C) Pneumonia
D) Cardiogenic shock
Ans: B
Feedback: Because of decreased contractility and increased fluid volume and pressure in patients with heart failure, fluid may be driven from the pulmonary capillary beds into the alveoli, causing pulmonary edema. In right-sided heart failure, the patient exhibits hepatomegaly, jugular vein distention, and peripheral edema. In pneumonia, the patient would have a temperature spike and sputum that varies in color. Cardiogenic shock would show signs of hypotension and tachycardia.
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