A patient, age 69, is admitted to the hospital with gross hematuria and history of a 20-lb weight loss during the last 3 months
The physician suspects renal cancer. In obtaining a nursing history from this patient, the nurse recognizes which of the following as a significant risk factor for renal cancer?
a.
High caffeine intake
b.
Cigarette smoking
c.
Use of artificial sweeteners
d.
Chronic cystitis
ANS: B
Risk factors include smoking; familial incidence; and preexisting renal disorders, such as adult polycystic kidney disease and renal cystic disease secondary to renal failure.
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A patient beginning therapy with cabergoline asks the nurse about the purpose of the drug. The best response would be that the drug is:
a. used to inhibit the release of antidiuretic hormone. b. used to inhibit the release of prolactin. c. used to prevent hyperthyroidism. d. indicated for patients with a corticotropin deficiency.
How many milliliters per kilogram (mL/kg) of fluids does a newborn need daily for the first 3 to 5 days of life?
a. 20 to 30 b. 40 to 60 c. 60 to 100 d. 120 to 150
Which antibacterial drugs are most likely to cause severe skin reactions?
a. Erythromycins and aminoglycosides b. Sulfonamides and trimethoprim c. Penicillins and cephalosporins d. Macrolides and tetracyclines
What is definition of a toxoid that can be used for vaccination?
a. A vaccine containing antibodies that were produced by other animals in response to the administration of human white blood cells. b. A vaccine that contains a modified toxin that an organism produces or a small part of the actual organism. c. A vaccine designed to be toxic to or inhibit the excessive functioning of the immune system. d. A vaccine that contains artificially created antibodies that will generate passive immunity.