What is the fundamental implication of Arrow’s theorem?
A. No alternative can beat the one preferred by the median voter in pair-wise majority-rule elections if the number of voters is odd, voter preferences are single-peaked over a single policy dimension, and voters vote sincerely.
B. If there are two or more issue dimensions and three or more voters with preferences in the issue space who all vote sincerely, then it is likely (except in very extreme case) that there will be no Condorcet winner.
C. There is no possible decision-making rule satisfying a minimal standard of fairness that is guaranteed to produce a rational decision for a group.
C. There is no possible decision-making rule satisfying a minimal standard of fairness that is guaranteed to produce a rational decision for a group.
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The manipulation of the independent variable
A) should be clearly planned in advance of the data collection. B) should be evaluated with some type of manipulation check if there is any question about how effective it is. C) should be pretested to verify that it will work. D) All of the above
Samantha has the responsibility of persuading reporters to give a particular event an interpretation that suits the political candidate she is working for. Recently, after a press conference, she convinced the reporters to publish only the positive aspects of the conference to benefit her candidate. In this scenario, Samantha is a _____.
A. spin doctor B. citizen journalist C. community journalist D. blogger E. hacker
The exercise of American military power is less credible because of
A. Fear of Russian retaliation B. Cuts in the defense budget C. The lack of public support D. Fear of Al-Qaeda forces
According to the authors of the textbook, which of these is a key advantage of the "political specialization view" of modern democracy?
A. It is extremely flexible and prone to change. B. It responds to changes of issues and candidates. C. The electorate as a whole does not care at all. D. It protects the interests of those who are least likely to be the activist or pluralist citizens.