What accounts for the static stability of the glenohumeral (GH) joint when the arm is at the side? What happens if you excessively load the hanging (dependent) limb?
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
Static stability of the humerus when the arm is hanging at the side appears to be a function of the superior capsule, superior glenohumeral ligament, and the coracohumeral ligamentâ€"known collectively as the rotator interval capsule. When a large load is placed in the hand, the supraspinatus becomes active to reinforce the rotator interval capsule. The importance of the supplementary support of the supraspinatus can best be seen in its absence; when the supraspinatus muscle is paralyzed, the structures of the rotator interval capsule stretch out and become plastic over time. As the rotator interval capsule becomes plastic, gradual subluxation of the GH joint may occur.
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