Describe the modernaztion, dependency and world systems views of global stratification
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
Modernization theory: The individual clarification is called modernization theory (Rostow, 1990). As per this theory, rich countries ended up well off on the grounds that right off the bat they had the option to build up the "right" convictions, qualities, and practices—to put it plainly, the right culture—for exchange, industrialization, and fast monetary development to happen. These social qualities incorporate an eagerness to buckle down, to forsake custom for better approaches for speculation and getting things done, and to embrace a future direction instead of one pointed toward the present.
Modernization theory has direct pertinence for the experience of Western Europe. As indicated by the theory, Western European countries started to develop a few centuries prior as monetary forces in light of the fact that their populaces received the sorts of qualities and practices simply recorded. Western Europe had the option to do this on the grounds that the Protestant Reformation reduced the customary doubt of the Catholic Church for material achievement and social and financial change. The new Protestant ethic that Western Europeans received focused on the significance of diligent work and material achievement in one's lifetime, as opposed to the customary accentuation on remunerations in a the hereafter.
As indicated by modernization theory, countries in different pieces of the world never ended up well off and stay poor today since they never built up the qualities and practices simply recorded. Rather, they kept on following conventional convictions and practices that frustrated mechanical advancement and modernization.
As ought to be clear, modernization theory shares much for all intents and purpose with the way of life of neediness theory examined before. It traits the destitution of poor countries to their inability to build up the "best possible" convictions, qualities, and practices fundamental for monetary achievement both toward the start of industrialization during the nineteenth century and in the two centuries that have since unfolded. Since modernization theory infers that individuals in poor countries don't have the ability and capacity to improve their part, it falls into the functionalist clarification of stratification.
Dependency theory: The auxiliary clarification for global stratification is called dependency theory. As anyone might expect, this present theory's perspectives pointedly challenge modernization theory's suspicions (Packenham, 1992).Whereas modernization theory credits global stratification to the "wrong" social qualities and practices in the least fortunate countries, dependency theory accuses global stratification for the abuse of these countries by the rich ones. As per this view, the poor countries never found the opportunity to seek after financial development in light of the fact that right off the bat they were vanquished and colonized by European ones. The European countries stole the poor country's assets and either oppressed their populaces or utilized them as shoddy work. Since dependency theory infers that poor countries stay poor on account of absence of chance attributable to abuse by affluent countries, it falls into the contention point of view on stratification.
In this day and age, tremendous worldwide enterprises keep on abusing the work and assets of the least fortunate countries, state dependency scholars. Frequently these partnerships work connected at the hip with degenerate authorities in the poor countries to fortify their financial stake in the nations. A case of this dynamic happened during the 1990s in the poor western African nation of Nigeria, where the Royal Dutch/Shell oil organization at the time was siphoning half of that country's oil. Activists in southern Nigeria started to guarantee that Shell's oil penetrating was crushing their territory and that Shell was paying them unreasonably little for their oil. In light of their dissents, the administration sent in police at Shell's solicitation, with Shell paying a portion of the police costs.
World System Theory: The world systems theory, created by humanist Immanuel Wallerstein, is a way to deal with world history and social change that recommends there is a world financial system wherein a few nations advantage while others are abused. Much the same as we can't comprehend a person's conduct without reference to their environment, encounters, and culture, a country's monetary system can't be comprehended without reference to the world system of which they are a section.
The primary qualities of this theory, which will be examined in more detail all through the exercise, are:
•The world systems theory is built up on a three-level chain of command comprising of core, periphery, and semi-periphery territories.
•The core nations rule and adventure the fringe nations for work and crude materials.
•The fringe nations are reliant on core nations for capital.
•The semi-fringe nations share qualities of both core and fringe nations.
•This theory underlines the social structure of global disparity.
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