According to differential opportunity theory, ______ subcultures are considered “double failures,” because they cannot find legitimate or illegitimate subcultures to fit in.

a. conflict
b. criminal
c. consensus
d. retreatist


d. retreatist

Criminal Justice

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Research has demonstrated that juvenile psychopathy is linked to

a) conduct disorder. b) higher levels of delinquency. c) higher number of police contacts. d) all of the above.

Criminal Justice

Most of the new federal and state anti-drug laws implemented in the early 20th century came from concerns that drug use was:

a. immoral b. causing violent crime c. beneficial to the economy d. expensive

Criminal Justice

A lost child could also be any of the following except a

a. throwaway b. stowaway c. runway d. victim of an abduction

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is an example of a proactive strategy to combat crime?

A) Responding to citizen calls for service B) Responding to victimless crimes using a stakeout C) Responding to citizens who approach an officer D) Responding to a crime after the perpetrator has fled E) Incident-driven policing

Criminal Justice