A patient is taking enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse understands that patients taking this type of drug for heart failure need to be monitored carefully for:
a. hypernatremia.
b. hypertension.
c. hyperkalemia.
d. hypokalemia.
ANS: C
One of the principal effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is hyperkalemia, which is due to decreased aldosterone release arising from blockage of angiotensin II. There is no indication that careful monitoring of sodium for increased levels is indicated. Vasotec is indicated for heart failure, not hypertension. The drug therapy should be monitored to ascertain its effectiveness, but hyperkalemia is the main concern. Hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia, is a concern because of the decreased aldosterone release that occurs with blockage of angiotensin II.
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